MATBAL — Material Balance Model

The reservoir model file is saved with the ".ors" extension in keyword format. Each keyword must be on a separate line; data starts on a new line and ends with the "/" character.

1.Reservoir model type: DECLINE — decline curve, MATBAL — material balance model

MODELTYPE

MATBAL -- DECLINE || MATBAL

2.User description of the model (in 'quotes' on a single line)

DESCRIPTION

'Reservoir model A, updated on 01.01.2024'

3.List of PVT models

The PVT model file must be loaded before running calculations on the material balance model.

List of PVT models as tables (file names with extension).

Each file name must be on a separate line.

PVTLIST

[File name]

'OIS.PVT.format.opvt'

List of PVT models as correlations (file names with extension)

Each file name must be on a separate line

PVTCORRLIST

[File name]

'FluidModel.ofm'

4.Keywords for describing the material balance model (MODELTYPE MATBAL /)

TANKLIST - List of reservoirs (tanks) of the material balance model

First row - column list

Second and subsequent rows - table (1 row - 1 reservoir)

Column list:

1. Common columns for all tank types

TANK - reservoir name

TYPE - reservoir type (OIL || GAS || WATER)

ENABLE - use in calculation (1 - use, 0 - do not use)

PRESS - initial pressure[atm]

PORO - porosity [unit fraction]

CPTYPE - pore volume compressibility type (USERDEFINED || CORRELATION)

CP - pore volume compressibility [1/atm]

SWL - connate water saturation [unit fraction]

TEMP - reservoir temperature, °C

RPPTYPE - relative permeability model (COREY || TABLE)

INJFACTORTYPE - unproductive injection input method (constant value for the reservoir or by steps) (CONST || STEP)

INJFACTOR - unproductive injection fraction, %

GASINJFACTOR - unproductive gas injection fraction [%]

GASREMIX - gas re-dissolution rate [%/day]

PVTREGION - PVT region name

PVTCOMP - compositional PVT model name

2. Columns specific to oil reservoirs (TYPE OIL)

INITOIL - original oil in place[thsd m³]

GASCAP - gas cap volume to oil in place ratio

RS - solution gas oil ratio [m³/m³]

GASVOLMODE - gas cap volume input method (FRAC - GASCAP is used, VOLUME - INITGAS is used

3. Columns specific to gas reservoirs (TYPE GAS)

INITGAS - initial gas in place[thsd m³]

OILLEG - oil rim volume to gas in place ratio

PDEV - dew point pressure [atm]

OILVOLMODE - oil rim volume input method (FRAC - OILLEG is used, VOLUME - INITOIL is used)

4. Columns specific to water reservoirs (TYPE WATER)

INITWATER - initial water in place[thsd m³]

Example with oil reservoirs

TANKLIST

[TANK] [TYPE] [PRESS] [INITOIL] [GASCAP] [RS] [PORO] [CPTYPE] [CP] [SWL] [GASREMIX] [PVTREGION] [INJFACTORTYPE] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR] [RPPTYPE] [TEMP] [ENABLE] [GASVOLMODE]

'oiltank1' OIL 196 13000 0 56.2 0.17 USERDEFINED 0.00005 0.08 0 'zone_1' CONST 32.1 1.0 COREY 86 1 FRAC

'oiltank2' OIL 196 10500 0 61.2 0.19 USERDEFINED 0.00005 0.1 0 'zone_1' CONST 12.3 2.0 COREY 86 1 FRAC

Example with gas reservoirs

TANKLIST

[TANK] [TYPE] [PRESS] [INITGAS] [OILLEG] [PDEV] [PORO] [CPTYPE] [CP] [SWL] [PVTREGION] [INJFACTORTYPE] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR] [RPPTYPE] [TEMP] [ENABLE] [OILVOLMODE]

'gastank1' GAS 196 244100 0 50 0.15 USERDEFINED 0.00005 0.05 'zone_1' STEP 21.1 1.0 COREY 65 1 FRAC

'gastank2' GAS 196 147300 0 50 0.21 USERDEFINED 0.00005 0.04 'zone_1' STEP 0 2.0 COREY 65 1 FRAC

Example with water reservoirs

TANKLIST

[TANK] [TYPE] [PRESS] [INITWATER] [PORO] [CPTYPE] [CP] [PVTREGION] [INJFACTORTYPE] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR] [RPPTYPE] [TEMP] [ENABLE]

'watertank1' WATER 196 25000 0.2 USERDEFINED 0.00005 'zone_1' STEP 0 3.0 COREY 71 1

'watertank2' WATER 196 31487 0.22 USERDEFINED 0.00005 'zone_1' STEP 13.45 4.0 COREY 71 1

5.List of connections between reservoirs

TANKLINK

[connection name] [reservoir1 name] [reservoir2 name] [conductivity [mPa*s*m³/day/bar]] [direction [0 - from reservoir 1 to 2, 1 - from 2 to 1, 2 - bidirectional]]

[pressure threshold type [0 - no threshold, 1 - equal potentials, 2 - unequal potentials]] [threshold pressure value [atm]] [relative permeability input method (TANK || LINKCOREY || LINKTABLE)]

'link_1_2' 'oiltank1' 'oiltank2' 100 2 0 0 TANK

6.Aquifers

Carter-Tracy model

AQCARTERTRACY

[tank name] [reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir radius [m]] [outer to inner radius ratio] [encroachment angle] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank1' 10 10000 10 180 15

Fetkovich model, radial

AQFETKOVICHRADIAL

[tank name] [type, 0 - steady-state, 1 - semi-steady state]

[reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir radius [m]] [outer to inner radius ratio] [encroachment angle] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank2' 0 10 10000 10 180 15

Fetkovich model, linear

AQFETKOVICHLINEAR

[tank name] [type, 0 - steady-state, 1 - semi-steady state]

[reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir width [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'gastank1' 0 10 1000 10000 15

Fetkovich model, bottom

AQFETKOVICHBOTTOM

[tank name] [type, 0 - steady-state, 1 - semi-steady state]

[reservoir radius [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'gastank2' 0 1000 10000 15

Hurst Van Everdingen model, radial

AQVEHRADIAL

[tank name] [reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir radius [m]] [outer to inner radius ratio] [encroachment angle] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank3' 11 1001 10 180 15

Hurst Van Everdingen model, linear

AQVEHLINEAR

[tank name] [reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir width [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank4' 12 1002 10000 15

Hurst Van Everdingen model, bottom

AQVEHBOTTOM

[tank name] [reservoir radius [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank5' 1003 10000 15

Hurst Van Everdingen (modified) model, radial

AQVEHMODIFRADIAL

[tank name] [reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir radius [m]] [outer to inner radius ratio] [encroachment angle] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank6' 14 1004 10 180 15

Hurst Van Everdingen (modified) model, linear

AQVEHMODIFLINEAR

[tank name] [reservoir thickness [m]] [reservoir width [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank7' 15 1005 10000 15

Hurst Van Everdingen (modified) model, bottom

AQVEHMODIFBOTTOM

-- [tank name] [reservoir radius [m]] [aquifer volume [thsd m³]] [permeability [mD]]

'oiltank8' 1006 10000 15

7.Relative permeability. Corey correlations

RPPCOREY

[tank name or well-tank name, or connection name] [connate water saturation[unit fraction]] [residual gas saturation[unit fraction]]

[residual oil saturation in the oil-water system[unit fraction]] [residual oil saturation in the gas-oil system[unit fraction]]

[relative permeability at max. water saturation] [relative permeability at max. gas saturation] [relative permeability at max. oil saturation]

[exponent at water saturation] [exponent at gas saturation]

[oil saturation exponent in the oil-water system] [oil saturation exponent in the gas-oil system]

'oiltank1' 0.08 0.3 0.002 0 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0

'oiltank2' 0.08 0.3 0.002 0 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0

8.Relative permeability - tables (two tables must be specified for the tank: oil-water and gas-oil)

RPPTABLE

[tank name or well-tank name, or connection name] [table type (WATEROIL | GASOIL)]

'oiltank1' WATEROIL

[water or gas saturation] [water or gas relative permeability] [oil relative permeability in the oil-water or gas-oil system]

0.27 0 1

0.285 0.001 0.9343

0.41 0.0209 0.47296

0.5527 0.08353 0.065

0.719 0.31102 0

1 1 0

RPPTABLE

[tank name or well-tank name, or connection name] [table type (WATEROIL | GASOIL)]

'oiltank1' GASOIL

[water or gas saturation] [water or gas relative permeability] [oil relative permeability in the oil-water or gas-oil system]

0.0 0.0 1.0

0.5 0.4 0.5

1.0 1.0 0.0

9.Displacement characteristic

FRACTIONFLOW

[well-reservoir connection name] [argument type] [value type]

'tank_well1' OILTANK WCT

argument type: PRESS || OILTANK || OILWELLTANK || GASTANK || GASWELLTANK || TIME

PRESS - atm, OILTANK - m³, OILWELLTANK - m³, GASTANK - thsd m³, GASWELLTANK - thsd m³, TIME - days

value type: WCT || GOR || WGR || CGR

WCT - %, GOR - m³/m³, WGR - m³/m³, CGR - m³/m³

[Argument value] [Function value]

1.0 2.0

20.0 30.0

50.0 90.0

Displacement characteristic

FRACTIONFLOW

[well-reservoir connection name] [argument type] [value type]

'tank_well1' PRESS GOR

[Argument value] [Function value]

150.0 40

200.0 45

10.Calculation steps

CALCSTEPS

01.01.2021 -- date[dd.mm.yyyy] and time[hh:mm:ss] of the step start (time is optional, default 00:00:00)

01.02.2021 12:45:32 -- date and time of the step start / date and time of the previous step end

01.03.2021 -- date and time of the previous step end

11.Forecast calculation start step

Integer (if the keyword is not specified, only history is calculated)

PREDICTIONSTARTSTEP

12.Production/injection history by reservoirs

TANKHISTORY

[tank name] [step number] [reservoir pressure[atm]] [oil production[m³]] [water production[m³]] [gas production[thsd m³]] [water injection[m³]] [gas injection[thsd m³]]

[pressure matching weight] [relative permeability matching weight]

'oiltank1' 1 196 1740.18 1.624 27.869 0 0 1 1

'oiltank1' 2 -9999 2608.66 2.73 22.39 0 0 1 1

TANKHISTORYDATA - Production/injection history by reservoirs

First row - column list

Second and subsequent rows - table

Column list:

TANK - reservoir name, required column, always first

STEP - calculation step number (starts from 1)

PRESS - reservoir pressure, atm

OIL - oil production, m³

WATER - water production, m³

GAS - gas production, thsd m³

INJWATER - water injection, m³

INJGAS - gas injection, thsd m³

PWEIGHT - pressure matching weight

RPPWEIGHT - relative permeability matching weight

INJFACTOR - unproductive water injection fraction, %

GASINJFACTOR - unproductive gas injection fraction, %

TANKHISTORYDATA

[TANK] [STEP] [PRESS] [OIL] [WATER] [GAS] [INJWATER] [INJGAS] [PWEIGHT] [RPPWEIGHT] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR]

'oiltank1' 1 196 1740.18 1.624 27.869 0 0 1 1 0.0 0.0

'oiltank1' 2 -9999 2608.66 2.73 22.39 0 0 1 1 20.0 0.0

13.Reservoir operating schedule

After the keyword, a separate line contains the date and time (time is optional, default 00:00:00)

Second row - column list.

Third and subsequent rows - table.

Column list:

TANK - reservoir name, required column, always first

OIL - oil flow rate, m³/day

WATER - water flow rate, m³/day

GAS - gas flow rate, thsd m³/day

INJWATER - water injection rate, m³/day

INJGAS - gas injection rate, thsd m³/day

WATERWELL - water flow rate of water wells, m³/day

GASWELL - gas flow rate of gas wells, thsd m³/day

WATERRECYCL - water recycling, %

GASRECYCL - gas recycling, %

MAXLIQUID - maximum liquid flow rate, m³/day

MAXWATER - maximum water flow rate, m³/day

MAXGAS - maximum gas flow rate, thsd m³/day

INJFACTOR - unproductive water injection fraction, %

GASINJFACTOR - unproductive gas injection fraction, %

TANKCONTROL

01.01.2022

[TANK] [OIL] [MAXLIQUID] [MAXWATER] [MAXGAS] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR]

'oiltank1' 100.0 300.0 200.0 10.0 10.0 0.0

14.List of historical wells

WELLLIST

'well1'

'well2'

15. Well control

First row - column list.

Second and subsequent rows - table.

Column list:

WELL - well name

PURPOSE - well purpose: OIL - Oil || INJ - Injection || GAS — Gas || GASINJ — Gas injection

CONTROLTYPE - control type (BHP, LIQUID, OIL, WATER, GAS, INJWATER, INJGAS)

BHP - bottomhole pressure, atm

LIQUID - liquid flow rate, m³/day

OIL - oil flow rate, m³/day

WATER - water flow rate, m³/day

GAS - gas flow rate, thsd m³/day

INJWATER - water injection rate, m³/day

INJGAS - gas injection rate, thsd m³/day

WELLCONTROL

[WELL] [PURPOSE] [CONTROLTYPE] [BHP] [OIL] [WATER]

'well1' OIL BHP 100.0 5.0 3.0

'well2' OIL LIQUID 110.0 11.0 5.5

16.Well operating schedule

After the keyword, a separate line contains the date and time (time is optional, default 00:00:00)

WELL - well name, required column, always first

STATE - well state: RUN - Active || STOP - Shut-in, required column, always second

WEFAC - utilization factor, unit fraction

INJFACTOR - unproductive water injection fraction, %

GASINJFACTOR - unproductive gas injection fraction, %

WELLSCHEDULE

01.01.2022

[WELL] [STATE] [WEFAC] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR]

'well1' RUN 0.95 1.0 3.0

'well2' RUN 1.0 2.0 4.0

WELLSCHEDULE

01.11.2022

[WELL] [STATE]

'well1' STOP

17.Well-reservoir links

TANKWELLLIST

[well-tank name] [well name] [tank name] [relative permeability/fraction flow model (COREY || TABLE || FRACFLOW || TANK)] [reservoir pressure correction, atm]

'tank_well1' 'well1' 'oiltank1' TANK 0.0

'tank_well2' 'well2' 'oiltank1' COREY 1.3

18.Production/injection history by well-reservoirs

TANKWELLHISTORY

[well-tank name] [step number] [reservoir pressure[atm]] [oil production[m³]] [water production[m³]] [gas production[thsd m³]] [water injection[m³]] [gas injection[thsd m³]]

'tank_well1' 1 196 540.18 1.024 15.869 0 0

'tank_well1' 2 -9999 1208.66 2.3 12.39 0 0

TANKWELLHISTORYDATA - Production/injection history by well-reservoirs

First row - column list

Second and subsequent rows - table

Column list:

TANKWELL - reservoir name, required column, always first

STEP - calculation step number (starts from 1)

PRESS - reservoir pressure, atm

OIL - oil production, m³

WATER - water production, m³

GAS - gas production, thsd m³

INJWATER - water injection, m³

INJGAS - gas injection, thsd m³

INJFACTOR - unproductive water injection fraction, %

GASINJFACTOR - unproductive gas injection fraction, %

TANKWELLHISTORYDATA

[TANKWELL] [STEP] [PRESS] [OIL] [WATER] [GAS] [INJWATER] [INJGAS] [INJFACTOR] [GASINJFACTOR]

'tank_well1' 1 196 540.18 1.024 15.869 0 0 0.0 1.0

'tank_well1' 2 -9999 1208.66 2.3 12.39 0 0 20.0 2.0

19.IPR

Column list.

NAME - Well-tank name

TYPE - IPR type, enumeration (VOGEL, FORCHHEIMER, FORCHHEIMERPSEUDO, CANDN, NOFLOWBOUND, TRANSVERTFRAC)

PI - Productivity coefficient (PI)

A - Coefficient A (Forchheimer), atm^2 / (m³/day)^2

B - Coefficient B (Forchheimer), atm^2 / (m³/day)

APSEUDO - Coefficient A (Forchheimer with pseudo pressure), atm^2 / cP / (m³/day)^2

BPSEUDO - Coefficient B (Forchheimer with pseudo pressure), atm^2 / cP / (m³/day)

C - C coefficient

N - N coefficient

PERM - Permeability, mD

THICKNESS - Reservoir thickness, m

RW - Well radius, m

ANISHOR - Horizontal anisotropy

ANISVERT - Vertical anisotropy

LW - Horizontal well section length, m

LX - Reservoir length, m

LY - Reservoir width, m

XW - Distance from the boundary to the well center along length, m

YW - Distance from the boundary to the well center along width, m

ZW - Distance from the boundary to the well center along depth, m

SKIN - Skin factor

FHALFLENGTH - HF fracture half-length, m

FCOND - Dimensionless fracture conductivity

FCOUNT - Number of fractures

PRESSRES - Reservoir pressure, atm

PRESSBP - Bubble point pressure, atm

WCUT - Water cut, %

GOR - Gas-oil ratio, m³/m³

CALCMODE - Variable used in the calculation, enumeration (PRESSBP, GOR) - default PRESSBP

NAME TYPE PERM THICKNESS RW ANISHOR ANISVERT LW LX LY XW YW ZW SKIN PRESSRES PRESSBP WCUT GOR CALCMODE

'tank_well7' NOFLOWBOUND 10.0 30.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 1000.0 5000.0 5000.0 2500.0 2500.0 15.0 0.0 320.0 100.0 0.0 50.0 PRESSBP

Vogel IPR

IPR

NAME TYPE PI PRESSRES PRESSBP WCUT GOR CALCMODE

'tank_well8' VOGEL 1.5 200.0 120.0 17.1 50 PRESSBP

IPR no flow boundaries

IPR

NAME TYPE PERM THICKNESS RW ANISHOR ANISVERT LW LX LY XW YW ZW SKIN PRESSRES PRESSBP WCUT GOR CALCMODE

'tank_well9' NOFLOWBOUND 10.0 30.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 1000.0 5000.0 5000.0 2500.0 2500.0 15.0 0.0 320.0 100.0 0.0 50.0 PRESSBP

IPR transverse vertical fractures

IPR

NAME TYPE PERM THICKNESS RW ANISHOR ANISVERT LW LX LY XW YW ZW SKIN FHALFLENGTH FCOND FCOUNT PRESSRES PRESSBP WCUT GOR CALCMODE

'tank_well10' TRANSVERTFRAC 10.0 30.0 0.1 1.0 0.1 1000.0 5000.0 5000.0 2500.0 2500.0 15.0 0.0 800.0 6.2 2 320.0 100.0 0.0 60.0 GOR

Forchheimer IPR

IPR

NAME TYPE A B PRESSRES

'tank_well11' FORCHHEIMER 1.4 0.6 200.0

Forchheimer IPR with pseudo pressure

IPR

NAME TYPE APSEUDO BPSEUDO PRESSRES

'tank_well12' FORCHHEIMERPSEUDO 0.8 0.1 195.1

IPR C and N

IPR

NAME TYPE C N PRESSRES

'tank_well13' CANDN 0.8 0.5 195.1

20.Tabular IPR defining oil, water, and gas flow rates versus bottomhole pressure

When this IPR type is specified, relative permeability data is ignored

First row - well-tank name

Second row - table header

Third and subsequent rows - data table

Column list:

PRESSBOTTOM - bottomhole pressure, atm.

OILRATE - oil flow rate, m³/day

WATERRATE - water flow rate, m³/day

GASRATE - gas flow rate, thsd m³/day

IPRTABLELOOKUP

'tank_well1'

[PRESSBOTTOM] [OILRATE] [WATERRATE] [GASRATE]

0 374.9498 89.987952 20.622239

0.13 374.8033 89.952792 20.6141815

9.0563 364.7434 87.538416 20.060887

84.2 0 0 0

21.Table with points for matching to actual data

MATCHPOINTS

well-tank name

'tank_well1'

[Liquid flow rate, m³/day (or gas flow rate thsd m³/day)] [Bottomhole pressure, atm]

10.0 90.0

15.0 75.0

22.Reservoir properties

Column list:

TANK - reservoir name

X - x coordinate, optional (default 0)

Y - y coordinate, optional (default 0)

TANKPROPS

[TANK] [X] [Y]

'oiltank1' -100.0 100.0

'oiltank2' 100.0 -100.0

23.Well properties

Column list:

WELL - well name

X - x coordinate, optional (default 0)

Y - y coordinate, optional (default 0)

WELLPROPS

[WELL] [X] [Y]

'well1' -200.0 200.0

'well2' 200.0 -200.0

24.Connection properties

Column list:

LINK - connection name

X - x coordinate, optional (default 0)

Y - y coordinate, optional (default 0)

LINKPROPS

[LINK] [X] [Y]

'link_1_2' 50.0 -50.0

25.Calculation settings

CALCSETTINGS

[Parameter type] [Parameter value]

MAXSTEP 31 -- maximum calculation step duration, days (double)

MINSTEP 0.001 -- minimum calculation step duration, days (double)

MAXNEWTONITERS 100 -- maximum non-linear iterations (int)

PRESSERROR 0.0001 -- pressure calculation accuracy, bar (double)

FLOWCALCMETHOD IMPLICIT -- inter-tank flow calculation method (IMPLICIT | CRANKNICHOLSON)

LINEARSOLVER GMRES -- linear equation solving method (GMRES | GAUSS)

KRYLOVDIMENS 15 -- Krylov subspace dimension (int)

MAXLINITERS 40 -- maximum linear iterations (int)

LINEARERRORMULT 1 -- linear equation solving accuracy (double)

MAXRELAXFACTOR 0.85 -- maximum relaxation factor (double)

MAXPRESSCHANGE 70 -- pressure change constraint, bar (double)

STOPNOTCONVERGENCE 1 -- stop calculation if convergence issues arise (bool)

STARTTANKFIRSTPROD 0 -- tanks start operating at beginning of production/injection (bool)

PREDICTIONMODE TANK -- forecast calculation method (using wells or reservoirs only) (WELL | TANK)

HISTORYMODE PERIOD -- production/injection history (PERIOD | CUMULATIVE | RATE), PERIOD - per step (default), CUMULATIVE - cumulative, RATE - daily rates

PVTMODE TABLE -- PVT modeling method (TABLE | CORRELATION), TABLE - tables, CORRELATION - correlations

26.Forecast calculation settings by reservoirs

PREDICTIONCALCSETTINGS

[Parameter type] [Parameter value]

USEFRACFLOW 1 -- flag to use relative permeability for flow rate calculation in the forecast (bool)

USEWATERINJ 1 -- flag to use water injection by reservoirs in the forecast calculation (bool)

USEGASINJ 1 -- flag to use gas injection by reservoirs in the forecast calculation (bool)

USEWATERREC 1 -- flag to use water recycling by reservoirs in the forecast calculation (bool)

USEGASREC 1 -- flag to use gas recycling by reservoirs in the forecast calculation (bool)

USEWATERPROD 1 -- flag to use additional water production in the forecast calculation (bool)

USEGASPROD 1 -- flag to use additional gas production in the forecast calculation (bool)

27.Matching calculation method. DIFFEVOLUTION - differential evolution

MATCHMETHOD

DIFFEVOLUTION

28.Matching method settings for differential evolution

DIFFEVOLUTIONSETTINGS

[Parameter type] [Parameter value]

RESTARTLIMIT 0 -- number of restarts (int)

POPULATIONSIZE 15 -- population size (int)

MAXITERATIONCOUNT 500 -- iterations per restart (must be greater than or equal to population size) (int)

DIFFERENCECOUNT 1 -- number of differences for mutant vector calculation (must be less than half of population size) (int)

DIFFERENCEWEIGHT 0.8 -- weighting (double)

CROSSOVER 0.6 -- crossover probability (number from 0 to 1) (double)

NORMALIZATION 1.0 -- normalization factor (applied when modifying the objective function at restarts) (double)

USINGTARGETWORST 1 -- target vector (worst or random) 0-worst, 1-random

USINGBASEBEST 1 -- base vector (best or random) 0-worst, 1-random

29.List of varied reservoir parameters for matching

TANKMATCHPARAM

[Tank name] [Parameter type] [Base parameter value] [Minimum value] [Maximum value] [Use flag: 0 - do not use, 1 - use]

Parameter types

OILRESERVES - Original oil in place, thsd m³

GASRESERVES - Initial gas in place, thsd m³

WATERRESERVES - Initial water in place, thsd m³

GASRATIO - Gas cap volume to oil in place ratio

OILRATIO - Oil rim volume to gas in place ratio

VOLUMECOMPRESS - Pore volume compressibility, 1/atm

THICKNESS - Tank thickness, m

WIDTH - Tank width, m

RADIUS - Tank radius, m

RADIUSRATIO - Outer to inner radius ratio

ANGLE - Encroachment angle

PERMEABILITY - Permeability, mD

VOLUME - Aquifer volume, thsd m³

'oiltank1' OILRESERVES 10000.0 3000.0 25000.0 1

30.List of varied connection parameters for matching

CONDMATCHPARAM

[Connection name] [Base parameter value] [Minimum value] [Maximum value] [Use flag: 0 - do not use, 1 - use]

'link_1_2' 10.0 2.0 30.0 1

31. Matching calculation method (LEVENBERGMARQUARDT — Levenberg-Marquardt method).

Matching function: FW - water fraction only, FG - gas fraction only, FWFG - water and gas fraction.

RPPMATCHMETHOD

[method] [matching function]

LEVENBERGMARQUARDT FWFG

32.Relative permeability matching method settings.

LEVENBERGMARQUARDTSETTINGS

[Parameter type] [Parameter value]

MAXITERATIONCOUNT 100 -- maximum iterations (int)

SOLERROR 1.0e-8 -- convergence criterion (objective function change per calculation step) (double)

DECMULT 0.5 -- (double)

INCMULT 1.5 -- (double)

33. List of varied reservoir parameters for relative permeability matching

RPPTANKMATCHPARAM

[Tank name] [Parameter type] [Base parameter value] [Minimum value] [Maximum value] [Use flag: 0 - do not use, 1 - use]

Parameter types

RESWATER - Connate water saturation (Swc)

RESGAS - Residual gas saturation (Sgc)

RESOILWATER - Residual oil saturation in the oil-water system (Sorw)

RESOILGAS - Residual oil saturation in the gas-oil system (Sorg)

MAXWATERRPP - Relative permeability at maximum water saturation (krwMax)

MAXGASRPP - Relative permeability at maximum gas saturation (krgMax)

MAXOILRPP - Relative permeability at maximum oil saturation (kroMax)

EXPWATER - Water saturation exponent (expW)

EXPGAS - Gas saturation exponent (expG)

EXPOILWATER - Oil saturation exponent in the oil-water system (expOW)

EXPOILGAS - Oil saturation exponent in the gas-oil system (expOG)

'oiltank1' EXPOILWATER 2.0 0.5 10.0 0

'oiltank1' MAXOILRPP 1.0 0.5 2.0 1

34.List of varied well-reservoir parameters for relative permeability matching

RPPTANKWELLMATCHPARAM

[Well-tank name] [Parameter type] [Base parameter value] [Minimum value] [Maximum value] [Use flag: 0 - do not use, 1 - use]

Parameter types

RESWATER - Connate water saturation (Swc)

RESGAS - Residual gas saturation (Sgc)

RESOILWATER - Residual oil saturation in the oil-water system (Sorw)

RESOILGAS - Residual oil saturation in the gas-oil system (Sorg)

MAXWATERRPP - Relative permeability at maximum water saturation (krwMax)

MAXGASRPP - Relative permeability at maximum gas saturation (krgMax)

MAXOILRPP - Relative permeability at maximum oil saturation (kroMax)

EXPWATER - Water saturation exponent (expW)

EXPGAS - Gas saturation exponent (expG)

EXPOILWATER - Oil saturation exponent in the oil-water system (expOW)

EXPOILGAS - Oil saturation exponent in the gas-oil system (expOG)

'tank_well1' EXPOILWATER 2.0 0.5 10.0 1

'tank_well1' MAXOILRPP 1.0 0.5 2.0 0

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